The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. The population doubled in the 10th and 11th centuries, and science and technology advanced. Most other cities can only boast of one special product; what makes the capital unique is that it gathers goods from all places. More details can be found in our privacy policy. var oTime = new Date(); Furthermore, because of the large population and the busy commercial traffic, there is a demand for everything." Description of Hangzhou, capital of the southern Song dynasty, circa 1235 C.E. You need at least a Starter Account to use this feature. Neighboring Tianjin saw a more significant drop of more than 136,000. This period was called the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (906960). River Cruise, Chinese However, unlike their influence in developing culture, religion and philosophy, many of the Song scientific advances were lost and forgotten in the later dynasties. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data (partially from exclusive partnerships). Under the Ming (13681644) and Qing (16441911/12) dynasties, it was a superior prefecture, in addition to being the provincial capital of Zhejiang. This knowledge predates European discovery. Over the millennium, it has withstood 38 earthquakes, 6 major floods (one of which destroyed an adjacent ancient temple complex), and many disasters and wars. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. 1998-2023 China Highlights Discovery Your Way! Have unparalleled flexibility, which is impossible on a group tour. The metro area population of Hangzhou in 2022 was 8,045,000, a 2.54% increase from 2021. If you can weave through the vendors, you can get a sense of what the city looked like in ancient times. Alternate titles: Camsay, Hang, Hang-chou, Hangchow, Linan, Quinsai, Quinsay, Xingzai. In comparison, the famous Leaning Tower of Pisa that was finished in the 14th century is 183 feet tall. Hangzhou has won the hearts of more and more young people in recent years. Their wealth allowed them to enjoy arts and recreational activities. It was also the focus of the earliest network of modern motor roads, constructed in the 1930s. A centre of commerce, it was visited in the late 13th century by the Venetian traveler Marco Polo, who called it Kinsai, or Quinsay; it then had an estimated population of 1 million to 1.5 million. Access to this and all other statistics on 80,000 topics from, Show sources information Hangzhou city population data has been obtained from public sources. The current metro area population of Hangzhou in 2023 is 8,237,000, a 2.39% increase from 2022. Statista. The population couldn't grow. There were conflicts with the Viets in the south. Backed by the new drivers of the information economy, Hangzhou enjoys an edge in the digital economy industries, including e-commerce, cloud computing and big data, information security, artificial intelligence and blockchain, which will potentially further increase the city's influence and attract more talent. Today Hangzhou is booming again. If you use our chart images on your site or blog, we ask that you provide attribution via a link back to this page. They allied themselves with the Jurchens (or Jin) and started a war that ended in their disaster in the year 1125. Subutai, the leading general, was the one who first discovered Europe in the 1220s. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. You can only download this statistic as a Premium user. AuthorHUANG Yuxuan (Reporter) EditorWang Jian, Hangzhou Has a Permanent Population of 12.204 Million with an Average Age of 38. Hangzhou was held by the Japanese from 1937 to 1945. Many of the temples that you can visit today were built during this period. Song cities,centers of government and commerce, were among the largest cities of the world. In the later Song period (9601279), northern China fell to the Jin (Juchen) dynasty (11151234); from 1127 the Song rulers were confined to southern China, and they made Hangzhou (then known as Linan) their capital. Some economists say the Song era was a time of technological and economic revolution. The urbanization rate, or the proportion of urbanites in the city's permanent resident population, stood at 83.6 percent at the end of 2021. They controlled navigation on the wide Yangtze River so it was their defensive boundary. share interesting stories, insider information, and even create unexpected Which of the following assertions in the description of Hangzhou above would be most difficult to verify? But the Song invention did not affect their culture much. Experience local culture by practicing it. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The location was excellent with a maritime port for seagoing vessels and astride the Grand Canal and internal waterways. Then he arranged these on a block to form printable text. Then you can access your favorite statistics via the star in the header. For about 150 years, the result of the Song wars was stalemate. Here the history of Hangzhou in brief. The custom of foot binding spread to the lower classes and even to peasants although it rendered the girls less capable of doing farm labor or work around the house. The Song ships were chained together, and this made them easy targets. Like the Leaning Tower of Pisa, this tower leans slightly. It has water communications with the interior of Zhejiang to the south, is the southern terminus of the Grand Canal, and is linked to the network of canals and waterways that cover the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang) delta area to the north. Gunpowder became powerful enough to make dangerous weapons. [13] 1958 - Hangzhou Zoo opens. Then, a leading scientist and scientific writer named Shen Kuo (1031-1095) who wrote a then leading-edge scientific book called The Dream Pool Essays undertook to lead an army against them. They built huge opera houses for that early time of history. If you are an admin, please authenticate by logging in again. Increasing foreign investment and a cluster of some of China's most successful private enterprises, like New York Stock Exchange-listed Alibaba, have made Hangzhou, once again, one of the most prosperous cities in China. Local industry flourished and worship of Taoism and Buddhism peaked. By the year 1200, Hangzhou was transformed to be the largest metropolis in the world with 1 to 1.2 million people. -1, Xi Story: Preserving the beauty of West Lake, Hangzhou summit sees nation moving to common prosperity, Viewing the city at one meter: Hangzhou steps up child-friendly city construction, Hangzhou Asian Games keeps sportsmanship alive, Official English Website of Zhejiang Province. Hangzhous architecture and gardens are renowned, and it is situated among hills and valleys in which some of the most famous monasteries in China are located. China: population of Hangzhou from 1980 to 2035. In addition to thermal electric-generating plants, the city is connected via the regional power grid to the large Xinan River hydroelectric project to the southwest and to Shanghai and Nanjing. Which of the following assertions in the description of Hangzhou above would be most difficult to verify? For the urban elite, food was plentiful. By DU JUAN | The metro area population of Hangzhou in 2021 was 7,846,000, a 2.67% increase from 2020. These years saw Hangzhou's golden age of prosperity as it became the capital city of the Southern Song Dynasty. In 2010, the population of Hangzhou had amounted to about 5.76 million inhabitants and was forecasted to grow up to almost 9.7 million by 2035. So they maintained their territorial integrity, and they were able to prosper in their boundaries until 1127. In his Dream Pool Essays of 1088, Shen Kuo described that a Song printer made thin ceramic characters himself. Sarah Naumann is a long-term Shanghai resident and expert on travel to China. Qingdao - 10.25 million (up by 150,000) Scientific Academies: He created academies that allowed a great deal of freedom of thought and discussion. Manage Settings Zhejiang province looks both north to the Yangzi and south-east to the sea. A member of the emperor's clan evaded capture, and he became the first emperor of the Southern Song with the imperial name Gaozong. Electronics manufacturing has also become a major component of the citys economy. Pop. From 1075 to 1077, the Ly Dynasty in Vietnam fought them. See our 5-Day Hangzhou and Watertown Tour for tour ideas that we can extend for you to include Kaifeng. In doing so, the Jin had also been shielding the Song from Mongol invasion. 1867 - Hangchow Presbyterian Boys' School in operation. [Online]. (May 16, 2018). It also was famous as a centre of culture, producing numerous writers, painters, and poets. The arts and theater grew increasingly learned and refined. A few examples of major trading cities are Hangzhou, Timbuktu, and Malacca. The West Lake itself is a nice way to ground yourself in the history of the city with its beautiful views and scenic walks. They used blasting powder for mining and other peaceful uses as well. A prefecture named Hangzhou was created there in 589, during the Sui dynasty (581618), which is the source of the citys name. We have provided a few examples below that you can copy and paste to your site: Your image export is now complete. Holidays in China in 2023, A Full List Is Here! China Tours A paid subscription is required for full access. This saying means "in heaven there is paradise, on earth there is Su[zhou] and Hang[zhou]". 1621 - Huanduzhai publishing house in business. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. among rivals before the remnants of the empire arose again south of the Yangtze. The Chinese now like to call Hangzhou a "Paradise on Earth". hangzhou population in 1235. pierre coste fils de claude jade 2022-06-29; hellsplit arena oculus quest 2 2022-02-23; etsy custom wallpaper 2020-11-03; fladgate vacation scheme apply 2020-10-28; consequences of backsliding 2020-10-28 He is known for successful and daring military leadership and as the man who set up the foundations and traditions for the Song Empire to become the greatest on earth in that era. This policy stabilized the process of dynastic succession by ensuring that the empire's administrative staff could carry on their duties when the emperor died. The Song style was adopted as standard by Japanese architects. Neo-Confucianism was the religious belief and political philosophy that was developed by Song scholars. Eleven cities, including Hangzhou, Qingdao and Wenzhou, have populations of 9-10 million. There are scheduled flights to Singapore and to Hong Kong and other major cities in China from Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport (opened 2000), 17 miles (28 km) east of the city. However, Hangzhou is also an ancient city with a rich and complex history. knowledge Among the 338,000 new residents, the net inflow population accounted for more than 300,000, suggesting that Hangzhou is becoming a magnet for talent. Zhejiang Official Secondary Normal School, Hangzhou Wahaha Nutritional Foods Factory, List of universities and colleges in Hangzhou, Major National Historical and Cultural Sites (Zhejiang), List of first batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of second batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of third batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of fourth batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of fifth batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, Botanic Gardens Conservation International, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants", "From Popsicle Maker to Beverage Billionaire, China's Richest Man", "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants", "Hangzhou mayor Shao Zhanwei dies during NPC session", "Description of the Great City of Kinsay", The Authoritative Website of Hangzhou History and Culture | WWW.HICENTER.CN, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Hangzhou&oldid=1138536108, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2013, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from EB9, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. The Five Classics were thought to have been penned by Confucius himself, and the Four Books were thought to contain Confucian School-related material but were compiled during the Song era. In the east, by the year 923, there were 8 small kingdoms. It became a major local centre with the completion of the Jiangnan Canal (then the southern section of the Grand Canal) in 609. Explore destinations at your own pace. By using huge kilns and bellows, they could bake at extremely high temperatures as many as 25,000 pieces at one time. The Song Dynasty managed to win several military victories over the Tanguts in the early 11th century. But he was the first to describe the declination of the magnetic needle. and they still controlled some 60 percent of China's population . The combined armies of the Jurchens and the Song defeated the Liao Empire. As this page has over 5,000 words, you may want to click a link here to move to a section that interests you. Chinese dynasty that greatly increased transportation by building a series of canals to link the three major rivers of China Shen Kuo's Dream Pool Essays of 1088 was a voluminous scientific composition that can be said to contain the forefront of knowledge in his time of astronomy, magnetism and other fields. Population of Fuyang. Furthermore, because of the large population and the busy commercial traffic, there is a demand for everything." - Description of Hangzhou, capital of the southern Song dynasty, circa 1235 C.E. Hangzhou Urban Area Population History. He staffed his government with well-educated people. Hangzhou has won the hearts of more and more young people in recent years. From the 14th century its trade gradually shifted to Ningbo to the southeast on the southern shore of the bay and, in the 19th century, to the new city of Shanghai, some 100 miles (160 km) to the northeast at the mouth of the Yangtze. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. After fighting the Mongols for about 20 years, after the Mongols conquered Hangzhou in 1279, the remaining Song court and their supporters took to a fleet of ships to escape the Mongols. Han people thought that the stunted feet made the women more beautiful. Eventually, the Jin captured about 40 percent of the Northern Song Empire's territory. [16] 1981 - Zhou Feng becomes mayor. Showcasing their technological advancement and wealth, building supertall towers and large monumental structures were a Song forte. Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368-1644, 1616-1911). This article incorporates information from the Ukrainian Wikipedia. The data provided is for urban agglomeration. The permanent population of Hangzhou has reached 12.204 million with a birth rate of 7.6, a death rate of 4.7, an urbanization rate of 83.6%, and an average age of 38. His policies helped to ensure that the officials were very intelligent, literate, and loyal to the government. Soon it will be possible to see the city of Hangzhou on the map. He wrote scientific treatises about his own cutting-edge research and about various fields that show advanced knowledge in several areas. Register in seconds and access exclusive features. It wasn't until the beginning of the Southern Song era that scholars think that the population in the region first exceeded 100 million. They captured the emperor and much of the ruling clan in 1129. In the late 1950s a major tractor plant was built in Hangzhou, and a machine-tool industry subsequently developed. The Song Dynasty thought that if they could gain the Xia territory, they could perhaps reestablish the lucrative Silk Road trade that benefited the earlier Han (206 BC 220 AD) and Tang Dynasties. Its commercial role was later augmented by the construction of a railway to Shanghai (1909), of another to Ningbo (1914), and of a main line to Jiangxi and Hunan provinces in 193638. *Estimate. On the Population HUB website you can find out the number of people in any of the regions of the Earth. It is 57 meters or about 186 feet in height. Emperor Taizu began reigning over in the year 960. //]]> It became immensely wealthy, being at the centre of a fertile rice-growing area as well as being the site of the most important silk industries in China. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Not only is it a major tourist destination for its famous West Lake, but it's also home to some of China's biggest innovative businesses, like Alibaba. The Song liked to apply a dainty line of the roofs of their wooden buildings so that the eaves upcurved upwards at the corners in a distinctive way. According to a Hangzhou Municipal Statistics Bureau report, the city's population has grown rapidly over . This page was last edited on 10 February 2023, at 05:52. She currently writes for Air France's Flying Blue China Club. As the Song Empire expanded in the late 900s, they resisted them. the use of cookies. The new drought resistant rice from southeast Asia could grow at higher elevations and further north than the native rice. Dougong and other wooden architecture techniques were the Song Empires' major architectural innovation for erecting massive wooden structures in the earthquake-prone region, and their techniques were adopted throughout East Asia. Overall, over the course of 300 years, the Northern and Southern eras of the Song Empire were prosperous. 3-Day Zhongwei Desert Tour with Winery Experience, 17-DayRelaxing Tour of Both Ancient & Modern Flavor, 15-Day China's Ancient Cities and Celebrated Mountains, 4-Day Shanghai and Its Neighbors Tour by High Speed Train, Loyalty On the 13 story Iron Pagoda for example, the eaves on the outside of the brick core were made by using suitably designed dougong ( dugng), a suitably loose joint system fitted for that particular structure, so that the building can ride out massive earthquakes with little or no damage. Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang province, is one of the largest cities in east coastal areas of China. We have provided a few examples below that you can copy and paste to your site: Your data export is now complete. Hangzhou, for example, had a population of 391,000 households, compared to Rome's average population of about 35,000 households . Accessed March 04, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/466968/china-population-of-hangzhou/, UN DESA. [57] [58] Captives and captured land were mutually exchanged. Zhejiang University (1897) is among the largest and most prestigious institutions in China; its size was expanded considerably in 1998 when it was reconstituted after amalgamating with the former Zhejiang Agricultural University (1910) and Hangzhou University (1952). Currently, you are using a shared account. During the Southern Song era, people learned how to live in several of the world's largest urban centers ever constructed until that time. Song cities, centers of government and commerce, were among the largest cities of the world. Arts and theater thrived. Theaters, performing arts stages, and teahouses with regular treatrical and musical entertainment became common. It is found that centripetal movements of population in Hangzhou dominated in the 1960s and 1970s, while centrifugal . His model of government and rule was emulated by the big empires that came later. Profit from the additional features of your individual account. Thus, the city, with its beautiful scenery and sites of historical interest, is among Chinas most popular tourist destinations. Which of the following assertions in the description of Hangzhou above would be the most difficult to verify? Furthermore, because of the large population and the busy commercial traffic, there is a demand for everything." Description of Hangzhou, capital of the southern Song dynasty, circa 1235 C.E. Tours, Family The architecture of the Song era was noted for numerous tall structures. answer choices coke saki tea paste Question 3 30 seconds Q. Average wages per month among full-time workers Japan 2012-2021, Number of foreign nationals Japan 2012-2021, Mean age of marriage Japan 1955-2020, by gender. their way. a. The proportion of residents aged between 16 and 59 years stood at 70.12 percent. United Nations - World Population Prospects, Hangzhou, China Metro Area Population 1950-2023, The current metro area population of Hangzhou in 2023 is, The metro area population of Hangzhou in 2022 was, The metro area population of Hangzhou in 2021 was, The metro area population of Hangzhou in 2020 was. The Four Books were considered most important. It was 360 feet (110 metres) tall! The overall population grew from 50 million at the beginning of the Northern Song to about 118 million 167 years later in 1127, and it kept growing thereafter. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. The combination of a pleasant environment alongside business growth means Hangzhou is now one of the wealthiest cities in China with an estimated 153 people worth . But it wasn't as important an innovation for the Song Empire as it turned out to be in Europe. The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Festivals, Chinese This expedition was a disaster, and the Tanguts regained territory they had lost earlier. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Hangzhou, Hangzhou China - Official site of Hangzhou, Hangzhou - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). If you use our datasets on your site or blog, we ask that you provide attribution via a link back to this page. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. He evaded Jurchen attempts to capture him and an attempted Song coup. Chart. It is known that lodestone compasses were used a thousand years before in the Han era. The Neo-Confucian Classics were the Four Books and Five Classics (). The Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty or the Mongol invasion of China beginning under gedei Khan (r. 1229 - 1241) and completed under Kublai Khan (r. 1260-1294) was the final step for the Mongols to rule the whole of continental East Asia under the Yuan dynasty (a division of the Mongol Empire).It is considered the Mongol Empire's last great military achievement. Marco Polo described that the people in Hangzhou, the biggest city, ate surprisingly large quantities of fresh meat and fish. European literacy and culture advanced rapidly. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035. But during the preceding Tang era and before, the Han people mainly ate wheat and millet as their staple grains. The population of Hangzhou in 1235 was 1.24 million. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. The farmers were wealthier and better educated than in earlier eras, and agricultural manuals helped to disseminate the best techniques for rice cultivation. Although it never again reached the peak of importance that it had achieved as capital of the Nan (Southern) Song, Hangzhou remained important. Mass circulating books and periodicals became common for the first time in any country, and average people and even farmers enjoyed reading fictional novels. He instituted this policy to prove a candidate's qualification to rule. Since the construction of railways in Fujian province in the 1950s, Hangzhou has become the focus of rail traffic from the southeastern provinces to Shanghai. The saying "my enemy's enemy is my friend" is often wrong. List of cities in China by population. In 1861, during the Taiping Rebellion (185064), the city fell to the rebels and suffered severe damage. Backlinks from other websites and blogs are the lifeblood of our site and are our primary source of new traffic. Knowledgeable, enthusiastic, and attentive your personal local guides will Are you interested in testing our business solutions? The Mongol army that was sent to invade them was far bigger than the ones sent to attack the Middle East, Russia, Europe or any other region, but the Mongols had quickly conquered all the other countries and empires. It is said that he was so overwhelmed by the beauty of the Xi Hu, or West Lake, that he transcribed, and thus popularized, a famous Chinese saying Shang you tiantang, xia you Suhang. Then the Jurchens turned against the Song Empire and captured Kaifeng that was the Song capital city. China Highlights tailor-makes China tours to help travelers discover The country's top ten most populous cities are Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Chengdu, Shenzhen, Shijiazhuang, Wuhan and Harbin. During the Song Dynasty era, the religions of Daoism and Buddhism became less popular among the ruling class than in previous eras. You need a Statista Account for unlimited access. Tours: Two Song-era pagodas, Iron Pagoda and Pota Pagoda, can be visited in Kaifeng along with other ancient Song architecture in Hangzhou such as the Liuhe Pagoda in Hangzhou. Mountains divide warm . Corrections? The cruel custom of foot binding the women became popular during the Song era. Description of Hangzhou, 1235: Various businesses are designated by the word 'company' . Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Use Ask Statista Research Service.